Last week without fanfare, a 230-page military document
(PDF) appeared in the public domain. The document, authored in May
2016, is a comprehensive list of rules, standards, and definitions
governing the heart of what the military does: picking targets, and
making sure those targets are valid and within the bounds of the laws of
war.
The Pentagon isn’t exactly sure how the document ended up online. On
Monday, Nov. 15, the nonprofit Federation of American Scientists ran a
short post on the newly public document. Entitled “Joint Chiefs Urge “Due Diligence” in Targeting the Enemy,”
the post highlights the central theme of the instruction manual:
attacking the wrong target in war can have negative consequences for the
United States and the countries it works with. This is a simple point,
repeated and clarified through page after unredacted page in great
detail, setting not just the rules but the very language that America’s
military uses when fighting wars and deciding which object or person to
fire at.
[…]
There’s also the possibility that this release is aimed, not at
setting rules for the future, but showing when existing practices have
been violated. Civilian appointees to the Pentagon in this
administration “use normative language about the use of force,” says
Zenko, with an aim to “reinforce norms about precision, discrimination,
proportionality, adherence to laws of armed conflict.”
“Then if there’s a rupture in that with the next administration,”
Zenko continues, “it becomes more jarring, it becomes a little harder to
sustain, especially among congressional overseers.”